Sensitivity analysis of MHD nanofluid flow in a composite permeable square enclosure with the corrugated wall using Response surface methodology-central composite design

Abstract

This work aims to conduct a numerical study on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection of nanofluid within a porous cavity corrugated hot and cold walls. The system comprises an external magnetic field. The study employs a finite element approach to solve the governing equations for momentum and energy conservation, while systematically varying influential parameters such as the Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), Darcy number (Da), and the magnetic parameter (M). The fluctuations in these parameters allow for the analysis of their effects on the Nusselt number, flow patterns and thermal performance. A notable innovation of this research lies in the incorporation of a Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-based sensitivity analysis. This approach yields valuable insights for optimizing thermal management and enhancing energy efficiency in advanced Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) systems. According to conclusive data, employing a permeable partition instead of a solid partition leads to a notable enhancement in the mean Nusselt value. Specifically, at Ra = 100, the improvement is recorded at 26.28%. Furthermore, at Ra = 10⁴, this enhancement reaches its peak, with a substantial increase of 56.5%.

Keywords:

• Corrugated walls
• magnetic field
• permeable medium, sensitivity analysis
• Rayleigh number

Conflict of interests

Authors declares no conflict of interests.

Data availability statement

Data made available on the request. I have used all the data graphically and numerically in my article for publication, while the backup of the files would be available on request.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Large Groups Project under grant number RGP.2/53/44.