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Notes
1 John Gerard Ruggie, ‘The Social Construction of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights’ in Surya Deva and David Birchall (eds), Research Handbook on Human Rights and Business (Edward Elgar Publishing 2020).
2 Bård A Andreassen and Võ Khánh Vinh, ‘Business’ Duties Across Borders: The New Human Rights Frontier’ in Bård A Andreassen and Võ Khánh Vinh (eds) Duties Across Borders: Advancing Human Rights in Transnational Business (Intersentia 2016).
3 See César Rodríguez-Garavito, ‘Business and Human Rights: Beyond the End of the Beginning’ in César Rodríguez-Garavito (ed), Business and Human Rights: Beyond the End of the Beginning (Cambridge University Press 2017).
4 See Justine Nolan and Robert McCorquodale, ‘The Effectiveness of Human Rights Due Diligence for Preventing Business Human Rights Abuses’ (2021) 68 Netherlands International Law Review 455.
5 See Justine Nolan, ‘Chasing the Next Shiny Thing: Can Human Rights Due Diligence Effectively Address Labour Exploitation in Global Fashion Supply Chains?’ (2022) 11(2) International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 1.
6 Barnali Choudhury (ed), The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: A Commentary (Edward Elgar Publishing 2023).
7 See Barnali Choudhury, ‘Balancing Soft and Hard Law for Business and Human Rights’ (2018) 67(4) International & Comparative Law Quarterly 961.
8 See UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No. 24: State Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights in the Context of Business Activities, 61st session (10 August 2017) UN Doc E/C.12/GC/24, para 16.
9 UN Human Rights Council, State Responsibilities to Regulate and Adjudicate Corporate Activities under the United Nations Core Human Rights Treaties: An Overview of Treaty Body Commentaries 4th session (13 February 2007) UN Doc A/HRC/4/35/Add.1.
10 UN Human Rights Council, UN Secretariat, Report of the Working Group on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises—Note by Secretariat 32nd session (4 May 2016) UN Doc. A/HRC/32/45.
11 See Ximens Lopes v Brazil (Merits, Reparations and Costs) IACHR Series C No. 149 (July 4 2006), para 86.
12 See Mark B Taylor, ‘Human Rights Due Diligence in Theory and Practice’ in Surya Deva and David Birchall (eds) Research Handbook on Human Rights and Business (Edward Elgar Publishing 2020).
13 See Barnali Choudhury, ‘Corporate Law's Threat to Human Rights: Why Human Rights Due Diligence Might Not Be Enough’ (2023) 8(2) Business and Human Rights Journal 180.
14 See Stephanie Triefus, ‘The UNGPs and ISDS: Should Businesses Assess the Human Rights Impacts of Investor–State Arbitration?’ (2023) 8(3) Business and Human Rights Journal 329.
15 Peter Muchlinski, ‘The Impact of the UN Guiding Principles on Business Attitudes to Observing Human Rights’ (2021) 69(2) Business and Human Rights Journal 212.
16 John Gerard Ruggie, ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy: A Framework for Business and Human Rights’ (2008) 3(2) Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization 189.
17 Robert McCorquadale and others, ‘Human Rights Due Diligence in Law and Practice: Good Practices and Challenges for Business Enterprises’ (2017) 2(2) Business and Human Rights Journal 195.
18 See Human Rights Council, Best practices and How to Improve on the Effectiveness of Cross-Border Cooperation between States with Respect to Law Enforcement on the Issue of Business and Human Rights: Study of the Working Group on the Issue of Human Rights and Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises 35th session (25 April 2017) UN Doc A/HRC/35/33.
19 UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC), Principles for Responsible Contracts: Integrating the Management of Human Rights Risks into State-Investor Contract Negotiations-Guidance for Negotiators 17th session (21 March 2011) UN Doc A/HRC/17/3/Add.3.
20 Jennifer Zerk, ‘Human Rights Impact Assessment of Trade Agreements’ (Chatham House, 2019) <https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/2019-02-18HumanRightsTradeAgreements.pdf> accessed 11 December 2023.
21 Barbara Dubach and Maria Tersa Machado, ‘The Importance of Stakeholder Engagement in the Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights’ (2012) 94 International Review of the Red Cross 887.
22 See OHCHR, Improving Accountability and Access to Remedy for Victims of Business-Related Human Rights Abuse Through Non-State-Based Grievance Mechanisms 44th session (19 May 2020) UN Doc A/HRC/44/32.
23 John Gerard Ruggie, ‘Business and Human Rights: The Evolving International Agenda’ (2007) 101(4) American Journal of International Law 819.