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Traditional Articles

“Smarties, you know what’s up!”: curating a community and cultivating pleasure as a social justice influencer

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Pages 243-260 | Received 24 Aug 2022, Accepted 06 Sep 2023, Published online: 17 Mar 2024
 

ABSTRACT

This article analyzes the Instagram postings of Blair Imani, an influencer who blends lifestyle content with social justice advocacy. Through an analysis of popular posts and follower engagement, I argue that Imani’s primary work is not to raise awareness. Instead, she cultivates a community of “Smarties,” tied together by a comforting style, positive emotions, and the shared pleasure of being an enlightened insider. This analysis indicates how the ostensibly positive account of a social justice influencer is another element of algorithmically polarized social media, where communities are formed and pleasure is derived via condemnation of presumed others.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

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4 Volcic and Andrejevic, “Automated Media,” 150.

5 Leaver, Highfield and Abidin, Instagram, 49.

6 Leaver, Highfield and Abidin, Instagram, 72.

7 Duffy and Hund, “Gendered Visibility,” 4984.

8 Leaver, Highfield and Abidin, Instagram, 103–4.

9 Abidin, “Aren’t These Just,” 3.

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16 Duffy, (Not) Getting Paid, 4.

17 Abidin, “Aren’t These Just,” 10.

18 Duffy and Hund, “Gendered Visibility,” 4984.

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24 Annisa R. Beta, “Commerce, Piety and Politics: Indonesian Young Muslim Women’s Groups as Religious Influencers,” New Media & Society 21, no. 10 (October 2019): 2140–59; Emma Baulch and Alila Pramiyanti, “Hijabers on Instagram: Using Visual Social Media to Construct the Ideal Muslim Woman,” Social Media + Society, (October 2018): 1–15; Lale Mahmudova and Giulia Evolvi, “Likes, Comments, and Follow Requests: The Instagram User Experiences of Young Muslim Women in the Netherlands,” Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture 10, no. 1 (2021): 50–70; Kristin M. Peterson, “Islamic Fashion Images on Instagram and The Visuality of Muslim Women,” in Race and Gender in Electronic Media: Content, Context, Culture, ed. Rebecca A. Lind (New York, NY: Routledge, 2017), 247–63.

25 Natalie Ann Hendry, Catherine Hartung, and Rosie Welch, “Health Education, Social Media, and Tensions of Authenticity in the ‘Influencer Pedagogy’ of Health Influencer Ashy Bines,” Learning, Media and Technology (2021): 1.

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27 Baker and Rojek. “The Belle Gibson,” 2.

28 Leaver, Highfield and Abidin, Instagram, 102.

29 Volcic and Andrejevic, “Automated Media,” 150–51; Molly Young, “How Amanda Chantal Bacon Perfected the Celebrity Wellness Business,” New York Times, May 25, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/25/magazine/how-amanda-chantal-bacon-perfected-the-celebrity-wellness-business.html.

30 Volcic and Andrejevic, “Automated Media,” 151.

31 Terry Nguyen, “How social justice slideshows took over Instagram,” Vox, August 12, 2020, https://www.vox.com/the-goods/21359098/social-justice-slideshows-instagram-activism.

32 Mariah L. Wellman, “Black Squares for Black Lives? Performative Allyship as Credibility Maintenance for Social Media Influencers on Instagram,” Social Media + Society (January 2022): 2.

33 Nguyen, “How social justice.”

34 Brittney McNamara, “Blair Imani Opens up about being Queer, Black and Muslim,” Teen Vogue, September 12, 2017, https://www.teenvogue.com/story/blair-imani-queer-muslim-woman.

35 Blair Imani, “Queer & Muslim: Nothing to Reconcile,” TEDx Talks, July 9, 2019, 8:37, https://youtu.be/8IhaGUlmO_k.

36 Blair Imani, Read This to Get Smarter: about Race, Class, Gender, Disability, and More (New York: Ten Speed Press, 2021); Blair Imani, Making Our Way Home: The Great Migration and the Black American Dream (New York: Ten Speed Press, 2020); Modern HERstory: Stories of Women and Nonbinary People Rewriting History (New York: Ten Speed Press, 2018).

37 Michelle Toglia, “IG Activist Blair Imani has a Hack for Beating Imposter Syndrome,” Bustle, September 29, 2020, https://www.bustle.com/life/instagram-activist-blair-imani-social-media-educate; Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Behind the Scenes of #SmarterInSeconds,” Instagram video, April 29, 2022, https://www.instagram.com/p/Cc8Z8TpOJ4E/.

38 Leigh-Ann Jackson, “The Work Diary of Blair Imani, ‘Herstory’ Historian,” New York Times, November 13, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/13/business/blair-imani.html.

39 Volcic and Andrejevic, “Automated Media,” 155.

40 Tim Highfield and Tama Leaver, “Instagrammatics and digital methods: studying visual social media, from selfies and GIFs to memes and emoji,” Communication Research and Practice 2, no. 1 (2016): 56.

41 André Brock, “Critical Technocultural Discourse Analysis,” New Media & Society 20, no. 3 (March 2018): 1013.

42 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “#SmarterInSeconds: Pride Month!” Instagram video, May 20, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CPg1HDCjvSa/.

43 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender,” Instagram video, March 26, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CM6Gy4In9G-/.

44 Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (London: Verso, 1983).

45 Birgit Meyer, “Introduction: From Imagined Communities to Aesthetic Formations: Religious Mediations, Sensational Forms, and Styles of Binding,” in Aesthetic Formations: Media, Religion, and the Senses, ed. Birgit Meyer (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), 6.

46 Meyer, “Introduction: From Imagined,” 7.

47 roaming.pencil, May 31, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Pride Month!”

48 Steroidbeyonce, March 31, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

49 Sophiafrani, March 27, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

50 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Happy Women’s History Month,” Instagram photo, March 1, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CL4conJpeF0/.

51 Imani, “Happy Women’s History.”

52 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “I made a mistake this week!” Instagram photo, March 11, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CMTYEu6pwB1/.

53 michelles_book_nook, March 31, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

54 Caledesignco, March 13, 2021, comment on Imani, “I made a mistake this week!”

55 nony_macaroni, March 27, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

56 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “#SmarterInSeconds: How to Find Credible Sources,” Instagram video, August 16, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CSptC3-pC7W/.

57 Michael Hardt, “Affective Labor,” boundary 2 26, no. 2 (1999): 89–100; Arlie Russell Hochschild, “Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure,” The American Journal of Sociology 85, no. 3 (1979): 96.

58 Imani, [@blairimani], “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

59 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Dear Religious leaders, *clears throat* THE POPE,” Instagram photo, March 20, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CMpgxMaHys7/.

60 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Ramadan is a sacred time,” Instagram photo, April 15, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CNs6kUvnPfz/.

61 Reade, “Keeping It Raw,” 549.

62 Syrinaxoxo, March 20, 2021, comment on Imani, “Dear Religious leaders.”

63 Rebeccurls, March 20, 2021, comment on Imani, “Dear Religious leaders.”

64 Aqueersearchforfaith, March 20, 2021, comment on Imani, “Dear Religious leaders.”

65 _jen.na_, April 15, 2021, comment on Imani, “Ramadan is a sacred time.”

66 Cmcdougie, April 15, 2021, comment on Imani, “Ramadan is a sacred time.”

67 Merlyna Lim, “Freedom to Hate: Social Media, Algorithmic Enclaves, and The Rise of Tribal Nationalism in Indonesia,” Critical Asian Studies, 49, no. 3 (2017): 411–27.

68 Volcic and Andrejevic, “Automated Media,” 151.

69 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “#SmarterInSeconds: Rainbow Washing also known as pink washing,” Instagram video, May 25, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CPUUnE0j28N/.

70 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Smarties, you know what’s up,” Instagram photo, December 22, 2020, link unavailable.

71 Blair Imani, [@blairimani], “Pride Month is not just for “out” LGBTQ+ people,” Instagram photo, May 31, 2021, https://www.instagram.com/p/CPj9z5-DCNO/.

72 small_magicman, April 12, 2021, comment on Imani, “#SmarterInSeconds: Transgender.”

73 Hardt, “Affective Labor;” Hochschild, “Emotion Work;” Korina Giaxoglou, “#JeSuisCharlie? Hashtags as Narrative Resources in Contexts of Ecstatic Sharing,” Discourse, Context, and Media 22 (2018): 13–20; Korina Giaxoglou, and Katrin Döveling, “Mediatization of Emotion on Social Media: Forms and Norms in Digital Mourning Practices,” Social Media + Society 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–4; Katrin Döveling, Anu A. Harju, and Denise Sommer, “From Mediatized Emotion to Digital Affect Cultures: New Technologies and Global Flows of Emotion,” Social Media + Society (January 2018): 1–11; Kristin M. Peterson, “Cultivating Empathy and Resonance for Muslim Lives Through Affective Images of the Chapel Hill Victims,” Communication, Culture and Critique 13, 4 (December 2020): 422–39.

74 Brian Massumi, “The Future Birth of the Affective Fact: The Political Ontology of Threat,” in The Affect Theory Reader, ed. Melissa Gregg and Gregory J. Seigworth (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2010), 138–60; Sara Ahmed, The Cultural Politics of Emotion, 2nd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2014).

75 Marwan M. Kraidy, “The Projectilic Image: Islamic State’s Digital Visual Warfare and Global Networked Affect,” Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 8 (November 2017): 1194–1209.

76 miriam cooke, “Protest in the Age of Cyberatomism,” Protest 1, no. 2 (2021): 241.

77 Zeynep Tufekci, “How social media took us from Tahrir Square to Donald Trump,” MIT Technology Review 121, no. 5 (2018): para. 39.

78 Akane Kanai, “Girlfriendship and Sameness: Affective Belonging in a Digital Intimate Public,” Journal of Gender Studies 26, no. 3 (2017): 293.

79 Kanai, “Girlfriendship and Sameness,” 303.

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