Spatial diffusion of the socio-economic effects from the deployment of energy technologies in Spain

ABSTRACT

The paper covers an application to spatial economic analysis, based on a multiregional input-output model. Considering the challenges of the energy sector, this method is applied to analyse the spatial diffusion of the effect, of Spanish investment in different energy technologies covering several energy policy scenarios, in terms of added value and employment. Sector disaggregation is also analysed. Results show that renewable energy sources offer excellent opportunities for economic and employment growth at the global level. Spanish renewable energy deployment has positive spillover effects in China and Germany, but its impact on Spanish social and economic development is not significant.

KEYWORDS:

• Renewable energy
• gross value added
• employment
• input-output
• spatial total effects

JEL:

• Q42, Q43, Q48

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

• Caldés, N., Varela, M., Santamaría, M., & Sáez, R. (2009). Economic impact of solar thermal electricity deployment in Spain. Energy Policy, 37(5), 1628–1636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.022

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• Timmer, M., Los, B., Stehrer, R., & de Vries, G. (2016). An anatomy of the global trade slowdown based on the WIOD 2016 release (GGDC Research Memorandum GD-162). Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen. https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/grorugggd/gd-162.htm

• PNIEC (2023). National Energy & Climate Plan updated. https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/prensa/pniec.html

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1 Spatial effects are defined as the combined impact of both direct and indirect effects, including direct effects, feedback effects and spillover effects across all regions.

2 In our case, each of these submatrices has a size of 35×35, which is the number of sectors considered. In the final result, a 245×35 matrix is obtained (referring to all seven regions included in the study and all 35 sectors).

3 The method used means that this study considers that all investment is made in one year. Nevertheless, the results may be interpreted by applying the effects on GVA and employment over the entire investment period.

4 We calculate total employment by multiplying jobs created per electricity unit (jobs/GWh) by total gross electricity output (GWh) generated in Spain and the EU-28 in 2015.

Additional information

Funding

This research is supported by the UCLM funding 2022-GRIN-34177 (Carmen Córcoles) and 2022-GRIN-34254 (Inmaculada Carrasco), and by the REXUS Project (H2020-Grant Agreement n. 101003632), https://www.rexusproject.eu (Elena López-Bernabé). Elena López-Bernabé also indebted to Agrisat Iberia S.L. for his significant support. We are grateful to Iñaki Arto and Mikel González-E for their valuable comments.