Study of hearing features of Congenital Malformation of the Middle and Outer Ear (CMMOE)

Abstract

Background: There is no study on the hearing features of congenital malformation of middle and outer ears (CMMOE), including classification, grades, and frequency characteristics, which play a decisive role in the selection of precise hearing solutions for patients. Aims/Objectives: To analyze the hearing features of CMMOE and provide guidance for clinical practice.Material and Methods: 298 cases (351 ears) with CMMOE were retrospectively analyzed for the features of 0.5 ∼ 4KHz pure tone hearing, including the classification, grades and frequency characteristics. Results: We observed conductive deafness in 84.3% (296/351), mixed deafness in 15.7% (55/351), and 0% (0/351) sensorineural deafness. Grades measured by average Air Conduction Thresholds (ACT) of pure tone: Mild deafness (26–40dB HL) 0.6% (2/351), moderate deafness (41–55dB HL) 10.3% (36/351), moderate to severe deafness (56–70dB HL) 46.1%(162/351), severe deafness (71–90dB HL) 39.9%(140/351), extremely severe deafness (> 90 dB HL) 3.1%(11/351). The average ACT of 296 ears conductive deafness was 67 ± 10 dB HL, of which 56-80dB HL accounted for 78.1% (274/351). In 55 ears with mixed deafness, 32 ears (32/55 = 58.2%) increased Bone Conduction Threshold (BCT) at a single frequency, and out of 32 ears, 31ears (31/55 = 56.4%) ≤40dB HL, 25(25/32 = 78.1%) ears at 2KHz. In 55 ears with mixed deafness, 87.3% (48/55) increased BCT at 2KHz, and the average BCT was 35 ± 10dB HL. Conclusions and Significance: CMMOE result mainly in conductive deafness, moderate to severe and severe deafness. In mixed deafness, the BCT increased mainly at a single frequency, 2KHz and ≤40dB HL. These data suggest that bone-conductive hearing devices are a good solution for CMMOE hearing impairment.

Chinese Abstract

背景: 尚无关于先天性中外耳畸形(CMMOE)听力特征的研究, 包括分类、等级、频率特性。它们为患者选择精准听力解决方案起决定性作用。

目的: 分析CMMOE的听力特征, 为临床提供指导。

方法: 回顾性分析298例(351只耳)CMMOE的0.5 ∼ 4KHz特征纯音听力, 包括分类、等级和频率特征。

结果: 我们观察到传导性耳聋占 84.3% (296/351), 混合性耳聋占 15.7% (55/351), 感音神经性耳聋为0% (0/351)。 通过平均气导阈值 (ACT) 衡量的等级纯音: 轻度耳聋(26-40dB HL)0.6%(2/351), 中度耳聋(41-55dB HL)10.3%(36/351), 中度至重度耳聋 (56–70dB HL) 46.1%(162/351), 重度耳聋 (71–90dB HL) 39.9%(140/351), 极重度耳聋 (> 90dB HL) 3.1%(11/351)。 296只耳传导性耳聋的平均ACT为67 ± 10dB HL, 其中56-80dB HL占78.1%(274/351)。 在 55 只患有混合性耳聋的耳朵中, 有 32 只耳朵 (32/55 = 58.2%) 在单一频率下骨传导阈值 (BCT) 增加。在 32 只耳朵中, 31只耳(31/55 = 56.4%)≤40dB HL, 25只耳(25/32 = 78.1%)在2KHz下。 在 55 只患有混合性耳聋的耳朵中, 87.3%(48/55)在2KHz时提高了BCT, 平均BCT为35 ± 10dB HL。

结论: CMMOE主要导致传导性耳聋、中重度耳聋和重度耳聋。 在混合性耳聋中, BCT主要在单频2KHz和≤40dB HL时增加。 这些数据表明骨传导助听器是CMMOE听力障碍的良好解决方案。

Keywords:

• Congenital Malformation of the Middle and Outer Ears (CMMOE)
• Hearing features
• Conductive deafness
• Frequency characteristics

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Level of evidence

4

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Clinical Medical Center Special Project: YiHui Zou 202100003; National Logistics Support Department Special Family Planning Project: YiHui Zou 22JSZ1.