Efficacy of Oral Hyposmolar Glucose-based and Rice-based Oral Rehydration Salt Solutions in the Treatment of Cholera in Adults

Abstract

Background: Recent animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that both osmolarity and rice as the organic components are important factors for net intestinal absorption of an oral rehydration salt solution. Methods: In a controlled clinical trial 123 male adult patients with severe cholera, after initial rehydration with intravenous Ringer's lactate solution, were randomly assigned to receive one of the four oral rehydration salt solutions: WHO ORS, ORS containing 70 mmol/l Na⁺ and 16.2 g/l glucose, rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 90 mmol/l Na⁺, and rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 70 mmol/l Na⁺. All patients received 300 mg of doxycycline as a single dose. Results: Patients who received rice-low-sodium ORS subsequently had lower (P < 0.05) stool output, ORS consumption, and diarrhoea duration than the other three ORS groups. Conclusions: We conclude that rice-based low-sodium ORS is superior for treating adult cholera.