AlCl₃ as an Efficient Catalyst Toward the Synthesis of 1,6-Dihydropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile Derivatives

Abstract

Aluminium chloride has been shown to be an efficient catalyst for the multicomponent reactions of diaminomaleonitrile (DAMN), ketones or aldehydes, and isocyanides for the synthesis of 1,6-dihydropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives using comparative study with various catalysts. Unprecedented use of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes in this multicomponent reaction (MCR) was demonstrated.

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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords:

• AlCl₃
• diaminomaleonitrile
• 1,6-dihydropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile
• multicomponent reaction

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to J. P. Chaudhary for NMR spectra and D. Gurav for IR spectra. S. M. B. is thankful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, for financial support.

Notes

^a Ref. [19].

^b Intermediate imine isolated.