ZnCl₂+Urea, the deep eutectic solvent promoted synthesis of the spirooxindolopyrans and xanthenes through a pseudo-three-component approach

Abstract

Various spirooxindolopyrans and xanthenes were synthesized efficiently through a pseudo-three-component reaction by using deep eutectic solvent (DES) ZnCl₂+Urea. The remarkable advantages of this reaction are the usage of an environmentally benign solvent (DES), simple purification method, operational simplicity, less reaction time, and higher yields making the reaction a green protocol.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Deep eutectic solvent
• pseudo-three-component reaction
• spirooxindolopyrans
• xanthenes

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Director, National Institute of Technology, Warangal for providing research facilities. VBN thanks the MHRD, Govt. of India for the fellowship.

Additional information

Funding

One of the authors, VBN, thanks the Ministry of Human Resource Development for a research fellowship.