The contemporary synthetic recipes to access versatile quinoline heterocycles

Abstract

The synthesis of quinoline (C₉H₇N) and its derivatives attracted the attention of various research communities due to their prominent roles in medicinal chemistry, coordination chemistry and material chemistry. Because of the requirement for accessing them on an industrial scale, large numbers of chemist efforts are devoted to developing various synthetic methods to obtain these versatile heterocycles in a cost-effective and environmentally supportive manner. This review will summarize the different conventional methods of synthesis of quinolines, and also entrenching special technique approaches such as Microwave-Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS), multicomponent reactions, solvent-free reaction conditions, ionic liquids (IL’s), ultrasound-promoted synthesis, phase-transfer catalyst (PTC), photo-catalyst, heterogeneous, homogeneous, and biocatalysis.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Classical methods
• green synthesis
• photocatalysis
• quinolines
• special recipes
• synthetic methodology

Acknowledgment

We gratefully acknowledge our Research Guide Dr. B. H. M. Mruthyunjayaswamy, Professor (Retd.), Department of Chemistry, Gulbarga University, Kalaburgi – 585 106 for his constant support, keen interest, and guidance. Our special thanks are to Mr. Ganesha R. and Dr. Kavitha R. Assistant Professor, PG Department of Chemistry, Vijaya College, Bengaluru for their needful help during the entire review work.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.