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Synthetic Communications
An International Journal for Rapid Communication of Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Volume 21, 1991 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Ullmann Reaction of Picryl Bromide in the Presence of Ultrasound

Keith A. Nelson GEO-CENTERS, Inc, Ft., Washington, MD, 20744
&
Horst G. Adolph Naval Surface Warfare Center Silver Spring, MD, 20903-5000
Pages 293-305 | Received 30 Nov 1990, Published online: 23 Sep 2006
 
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Abstract

Ultrasonic irradiation was found to promote the Ullmann coupling of picryl bromide at or below room temperature. In the presence of excess copper, a long-lived intermediate is formed that is quenched upon work-up affording variable mixtures of trinitrobenzene and picric acid.

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