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Articles

The other MSA: non-Aterian lithic assemblages in Algeria, characteristics and attribution

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Pages 22-52 | Received 28 Sep 2023, Accepted 08 Jan 2024, Published online: 20 Mar 2024
 

ABSTRACT

The Middle Stone Age in northwest Africa is mainly described in terms of two technocomplexes, the Aterian and Mousterian, the definitions of which have evolved as research has progressed. While the Aterian is often characterised by tanged tool assemblages, the Mousterian seems to have been defined by default and other denominations such as Levalloisian, Middle Palaeolithic and Sbaikian have also been used for MSA lithic assemblages without pedunculates. Beyond the legitimate question of the relevance of these classifications, one may wonder whether the available quantitative data allow us to identify the variability of lithic assemblages outside the Aterian technocomplex. In the Algerian context, this question is addressed by analysing data recovered by researchers from archaeological sites qualified as non-Aterian. Information and gaps are discussed and compared with what is known about the same period in northwestern Africa, particularly Morocco.

RÉSUMÉ

Le middle Stone Age (MSA) de l’Afrique du Nord-Ouest est principalement décrit à travers deux technocomplexes: l’Atérien et le Moustérien, dont les définitions ont évolué au gré de la progression des recherches. Alors que l’Atérien est souvent caractérisé par des industries à pièces pédonculées, le Moustérien apparait plutôt comme défini par défaut. D’autres dénominations, telles que Levalloisien, Paléolithique moyen et Sbaïkien, ont également été employées pour désigner des ensembles lithiques sans pédonculés. Au-delà de la question de la pertinence de ces classifications, on peut se demander si les données quantitatives disponibles sur ces industries lithiques non-atériennes permettent d’en cerner la variabilité. Cette question est abordée dans le contexte algérien, à travers l’analyse des données en provenance des ensembles classés comme non-atériens. La nature des données et leurs limites sont discutées à la lumière des connaissances sur le MSA de l’Afrique du Nord-Ouest, en particulier du Maroc.

Acknowledgements

I should like to thank Dr Manuel Will and the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable and constructive feedback.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Nadia Bahra

Nadia Bahra is an assistant professor at the University Constantine 2, Algeria. She is also a research associate at the National Centre for Prehistoric, Anthropological and Historical Research (CNRPAH) in Algiers. Her research focuses on the material culture of the earliest Homo sapiens in Algeria and North Africa and on the impact of environmental shifts on human behaviour.

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