Equilibrium optimiser for the economic load dispatch problem with multiple fuel option and renewable sources

Abstract

The integration of thermal units with renewable sources leads to a highly nonlinear and difficult Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) problem. However, dependency of wind speed and solar irradiance, renewable sources like wind-solar plants cannot guarantee their output. It has been possible to anticipate the wind speed and solar irradiation by Weibull and beta probability density functions. Wind and solar energy output powers have been estimated using the 2-m point estimation method. The renewable-based ELD problem has a solution thanks to the equilibrium optimizer (EO) technique. Finding the answer in a relatively short amount of computing time is made possible by the method's exploration and exploitation stages. The suggested technique has been validated in three, five, six, fifteen, and huge 160 thermal units linked to renewable energy sources by meeting restrictions such generator operating restrictions, valve point loading impact, and numerous fuel possibilities.

KEYWORDS:

• Economic emission load dispatch
• equilibrium optimiser
• valve point loading effect
• renewable energy sources
• plug-in electrical vehicle

Acknowledgements

Jatin Soni: Methodology, software, writing original Draft, data curation, conceptualisation, investigation, validation, resources, project administration, format analysis, visualisation, supervision. Kuntal Bhattacharjee: Investigation, validation, format analysis, visualisation, supervision.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

Data available within the article or its supplementary materials. All resources are gathered from strong references which are mentioned in the text as well as in the reference list.