Comparative heat transfer analysis of Fe₃O₄/Graphene-water hybrid nanofluid in unsteady hydrodynamic Lapwood-Brinkmann Forchheimer medium over a curved elongating region

Abstract

In the current work, MHD flow across an elongating surface is investigated using water based (Fe₃O₄ and Graphene) hybrid nanoparticles with an unsteady state. A mathematical model is elucidated for curvilinear coordinates in partial differential equations using appropriate boundary conditions subject to a magnetic field, Forchheimer and thermal radiation from the flow's geometry. The Newton Rapshon built-in shooting procedure was adopted with Maple software to numerically analyse transformed non-dimensional systems of governing equations. Graphs have been plotted to further illustrate the influence of emerging factors on the fluid velocity and temperature profiles. It is discovered that the Forchhemier and magnetic parameters both increase the friction drag, also an expansion in the radiation parameter and high-volume proportion of nanoparticles both raise the heat transfer rate, respectively. Furthermore, growing values of the curvature parameter cause the heat transfer rate to decrease and the friction drag to increase. Heat transmission in fluids governs both the heating and cooling systems of engineering applications, so it is observed from the study that hybrid nanofluids have a greater heat transfer rate. Also, our results are compared with existing literature for a particular case, and found to be in good agreement.

KEYWORDS:

• Forchheimer
• hybridnanofluid
• curved sheet
• unsteady
• magnetohydrodynamic

Acknowledgement

Authors R.K.R. and S.Y. are grateful to the management of R.I.T. for granting with Research fellowship and their encouragement.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).