Abstract
We present a case of subacute focal encephalitis in a 62-year-old man whose clinical manifestations, neuroradiological findings and histopathological features mimicked those of a patient with malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to routine histopathological examination, extensive studies including serological examination for encephalitic viruses, immunohistochemistry and DNA analysis were required to distinguish focal encephalitis from lymphoma of the CNS, clinical entities which differ in treatment.