EEG reveals deficits in sensory gating and cognitive processing in asymptomatic adults with a history of concussion

ABSTRACT

Objective

Individuals with a concussion history tend to perform worse on dual-tasks compared controls but the underlying neural mechanisms contributing to these deficits are not understood. This study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate sensory gating and cognitive processing in athletes with and without a history of concussion while they performed a challenging dual-task.

Methods

We recorded sensory (P50, N100) and cognitive (P300) ERPs in 30 athletes (18 no previous concussion; 12 history of concussion) while they simultaneously performed an auditory oddball task and a working memory task that progressively increased in difficulty.

Results

The concussion group had reduced auditory performance as workload increased compared to the no-concussion group. Sensory gating and cognitive processing were reduced in the concussion group indicating problems with filtering relevant from irrelevant information and appropriately allocating resources. Sensory gating (N100) was positively correlated with cognitive processing (P300) at the hardest workload in the no-concussion group but negatively correlated in the concussion group.

Conclusion

Concussions result in long-term problems in behavioral performance, which may be due to poorer sensory gating that impacts cognitive processing.

Significance

Problems effectively gating sensory information may influence the availability or allocation of attention at the cognitive stage in those with a concussion.

KEYWORDS:

• Divided attention
• working memory
• event-related potentials
• sensory gating
• concussion

Acknowldgement

No acknowledgements for this article.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2022.2120210

Additional information

Funding

This research received support from an NSERC Discovery grant.