First Nations English dialects in Canada: Implications for speech‐language pathology

Abstract

The current study reports preliminary information gathered about First Nations English dialects in Canada and considers implications for speech‐language pathology practice. Information was gathered from literature searches and forums of First Nations and non‐First Nations speech‐language pathologists, developmentalists, and linguists. The exploratory findings suggest that First Nations English dialects are shaped both by transference of features from the ancestral languages and by cultural patterns of communication. The dialects likely represent late stages of depidginization and decreolization. Examples of phonological and syntactic dialectal features illustrate the importance of recognizing non‐standard varieties of English when assessing speakers of First Nations communities and setting up goals and strategies for treatment. Research is urgently needed to identify features of First Nations English dialects both for linguistic documentation and to help speech‐language pathologists and other educators to distinguish between language impairments and dialect differences and to develop culturally relevant assessment and intervention practices.

• First Nations English
• dialects
• cultural appropriateness
• speech‐language pathology

Notes

1. First Nation is an ethnic identifier that can apply both to individuals and to communities on or off of reserve lands, and in urban or rural/remote settings. In contrast, a ‘First Nation’ is a culturally distinct, federally registered entity comprised at least in part of registered, Status Indians living on lands reserved for them by the Canadian federal government.

Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.