U-shaped association between serum uric acid concentration and mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients

Abstract

Background. No study has examined the effect of low serum uric acid (SUA) concentrations on mortality in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the relations between both low and high SUA concentrations and the risk of mortality across the full range of SUA concentrations in a retrospective cohort of HCM patients.

Methods. A total of 454 HCM patients were enrolled in the study, and SUA concentrations were measured at baseline. The primary and secondary endpoints were all-cause mortality and HCM-related mortality, respectively. The associations between SUA concentrations and endpoints were analysed.

Results. During a median follow-up of 3.8 years, there were 80 (17.6%) all-cause mortality events, and 52 of them (11.5%) were ascribed to HCM-related mortality. Patients with SUA concentrations of 250–350 µmol/L had the lowest all-cause mortality rate (11.8%) and HCM-related mortality rate (5.0%). Both low and high SUA concentrations were associated with increased all-cause and HCM-related mortality. Adjusted HRs were 2.52 (95% CI 1.13–5.61, p = 0.024) and 4.86 (95% CI 1.74–13.58, p = 0.003) for all-cause mortality and HCM-related mortality in the lowest SUA group (<250 µmol/L) when compared with the reference group (250–350 µmol/L), respectively. The corresponding HRs in the highest SUA group (≥450 µmol/L) were 2.73 (95% CI 1.42–5.23, p = 0.003) and 4.14 (95% CI 1.70–10.13, p = 0.002), respectively.

Conclusions. Both low and high SUA concentrations were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and HCM-related mortality, which supported a U-shaped association between SUA concentrations and mortality in HCM patients.

Keywords:

• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• mortality
• serum uric acid
• U-shaped association

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number: 81600299].

Notes on contributors

Ziqiong Wang

Ziqiong Wang is a resident from the Cardiology Department in Sichuan University at West China Hospital.

Ying Xu

Ying Xu is a chief nurse from the Cardiology Department in Sichuan University at West China Hospital.

Hang Liao

Hang Liao is an attending doctor from the Cardiology Department in Sichuan University at West China Hospital.

Xiaoping Chen

Xiaoping Chen is a cardiologist. She is the head of Cardiology Department in Sichuan University at West China Hospital.

Sen He

Sen He is an associate professor from the Cardiology Department in Sichuan University at West China Hospital.