Outpatient management of essential hypertension: a review based on the latest clinical guidelines

Abstract

Background: Essential hypertension, a prevalent cardiovascular condition, poses a significant health burden worldwide. Based on the latest American clinical guidelines, half of adults in the United States have hypertension. Of these, only about a half are treated and about a quarter are adequately controlled for hypertension. Given its impact on morbidity and mortality, ensuring effective management of high blood pressure is crucial to reduce associated risks and improve patient outcomes.Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of the latest cardiology guidelines and evidence-based research on essential hypertension, with a focus on guiding outpatient clinical practice.Methods: The review evaluates both non-pharmacological approaches and pharmacological interventions to offer clinicians practical insights. Notably, it emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment plans tailored to patients’ specific risk profiles and comorbidities.Results: By consolidating the latest advancements in hypertension management, this review provides clinicians with an up-to-date reference, offering a nuanced understanding of treatment goals and strategies.Conclusion: Through the incorporation of evidence-based recommendations, healthcare practitioners can optimize patient care, mitigate potential complications, and improve overall outcomes in essential hypertension.

Keywords:

• hypertension
• essential hypertension
• blood pressure
• guidelines
• pharmacotherapy

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Authors’ contributions

A.M. conducted the research and drafted the manuscript. T.Z. provided edits to the manuscript. M.E. designed and oversaw the project by providing comments and edits to the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Data availability statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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Funding

No funding was received.