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Abstract
Background. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have some common features with asthma.
Aim. To study whether G protein‐coupled receptor for asthma susceptibility (GPRA) contributes to RDS or BPD.
Methods. A haplotype association study was performed in a case‐control setting of 521 Finnish infants (including 176 preterm neonates with RDS and 37 with BPD). Immunoreactivity of GPRA isoforms A and B was determined in pulmonary samples of fetuses, term infants and preterm infants with RDS or BPD. GPRA mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in samples from nasal respiratory epithelium of adults, term infants and preterm infants.
Results. In infants with RDS born at 32–35 weeks of gestation, GPRA haplotype H1 was significantly underrepresented in RDS, whereas haplotype H4/H5 was associated with an increased risk. As in asthma, GPRA B isoform was induced in bronchial smooth muscle cells in RDS and BPD. In nasal respiratory epithelium, relative GPRA mRNA expression was strong in adults, weak in preterm and slightly higher in term samples.
Conclusions. The results suggest that near‐term RDS and asthma share the same susceptibility and protective GPRA haplotypes. Altered GPRA expression may play a role in the pathogenesis of RDS and BPD in preterm infants.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Marjatta Vallas for her skilful laboratory work.
This study has been supported by Finnish National Technology Agency Tekes, Academy of Finland, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Finska Läkaresällskapet, The Foundation for Pediatric Research, The Pulmonary Association Heli, The Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation, Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Foundation, The Research and Science Foundation of Farmos and The Swedish Research council.