Possible Association between Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease and Coronavirus Disease Vaccine: A Report of Four Cases

ABSTRACT

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome is an autoimmune, multisystemic disease characterized by severe bilateral granulomatous posterior, which can occur due to viral infection or vaccination. We report four cases that had a likely association between VKH disease and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. Two patients had VKH symptoms within 1 and 2 weeks after receiving the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. One patient presented with VKH symptoms 5 days after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine, and one patient had symptoms within 4 weeks after receiving the CoronaVac vaccine. Early diagnosis and treatment of VKH disease are essential for the visual prognosis of this aggressive disease. Further in-depth studies are necessary to investigate this likely association to enable ophthalmologists to identify new assumed correlations between the diseases described in this study.

KEYWORDS:

• Choroiditis
• COVID-19
• retina
• SARS-CoV-2
• Uveitis
• Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Statement of ethics

This case report was published in accordance with good clinical practice. The authors state that they have full control to all primary data and no ethical conflicts to disclose.

Additional information

Funding

The authors declare no financial/ conflicting interests.