Circulating levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 are associated with metabolic syndrome rather than with menopause

Abstract

The plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the major determinant of fibrinolytic activity. PAI-1 concentrations are elevated in obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS). On the other hand, during menopause, fibrinolytic activity decreases and, consequently, PAI-1 concentration increases; however, it is debated whether menopause is an independent determinant factor of PAI-1 levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hormonal and metabolic status on the concentration of PAI-1 in pre-and post-menopausal women. A case-control study was conducted in ninety pre-and post-menopausal women aged 45 to 55 years, matched by body mass index (BMI). Anthropometric measurements and biochemical determinations were performed on all participants. The fibrinolytic activity was determined by measuring PAI-1 by ELISA. Of all the women, 30% presented MetS. Women with MetS had higher values of PAI-1 (36.0 ± 19.1 vs 19.3 ± 14.8 ng/mL, p < .001); in contrast, no differences were observed when compared by hormonal status (20.7 ± 18.10 vs 20.2 ± 17.0 ng/mL, NS). The results of this study suggest that in women, MetS plays a more important role in the deterioration of the fibrinolytic mechanisms rather than their hormonal status. Therefore, the identification of cardio-metabolic factors is relevant to reduce the presence of thrombosis in post-menopausal women.

摘要

纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）是纤溶活性的重要决定因素。在肥胖、二型糖尿病以及代谢综合征（MetS）中PAI-1浓度升高。另一方面, 绝经后纤溶活性降低, PAI-1浓度升高, 然而, 对于绝经是否是PAI-1水平的独立决定因素仍有争议。本次研究的目的是为了评估激素和代谢状况对于绝经前后妇女PAI-1水平的影响。对90位45至55岁之间的绝经前后妇女进行病例对照研究, 通过体重指数（BMI）匹配。对所有受试者进行人体测量和生化测定。应用ELISA检测PAI-1来测定纤溶活性。在所有妇女中,有30%出现了Mets。患有 MetS 的妇女的其PAI-1 值较高(36.0±19.1 vs 19.3±14.8ng/mL, p＜.001);相反,其激素水平没有观察到任何差异(20.7±18.10 vs 20.2±17.0ng/mL, NS)。这项研究的结果表明,在女性中,相比于激素状况, MetS在纤溶机制的破坏中起着更重要的作用。因此,心脏代谢因子的鉴定与减少绝经后妇女血栓形成有关。

The Chinese abstracts are translated by Prof. Dr. Xiangyan Ruan and her team: Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China.

Keywords:

• PAI-1
• menopause
• atherosclerosis
• fibrinolysis
• metabolic syndrome

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Susan Drier-Jones for her assistance with the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported in part by a scientific grant from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (2013–01-201874).