Preeclampsia and other pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women with type 1 diabetes: a retrospective survey

Abstract

Obstetric complications are more common in women with diabetes than in the general population. This study aimed to learn about the first pregnancy of women with type 1 diabetes from the perspective of women from T1D Exchange-Glu and the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. Participants were ≥18, diagnosed with type 1 diabetes before conception, and either currently pregnant or had given birth in the preceding 10 years. The final sample size was 533 women. Women who planned pregnancy had significantly lower HbA1c (A1c) at conception. Women who had higher A1cs at conception were at a higher risk for cesarean birth, increased weight gain, hypoglycemia during pregnancy, and earlier onset of preeclampsia. Overall 29% of women developed preeclampsia in this population, over seven times the rate in the general population. This study helps to expand our knowledge of women with type 1 diabetes during the perinatal period. Planning pregnancy, expanding education and support, and preventing preeclampsia may help to improve pregnancy outcomes.

摘要

产科并发症在糖尿病妇女中比普通人群更常见。本研究旨在从T1D Exchange-Glu和T1D Exchange临床注册的妇女的中研究1型糖尿病妇女首次妊娠的情况。受试者≥18岁, 受孕前被诊断为1型糖尿病, 目前正在怀孕或在过去10年内生育过。最终样本量为533名女性。计划妊娠的女性在受孕时糖化血红蛋白(A1c)显著更低。受孕时A1cs较高的妇女剖宫产、体重增加更多、妊娠期低血糖和子痫前期发病早的风险较高。总体而言, 在这一人群中, 29%的妇女发展为子痫前期, 是普通人群的7倍多。这项研究帮助我们拓展了对围产期1型糖尿病妇女的认识。计划怀孕, 增强教育和支持, 预防子痫前期可能有助于改善妊娠结局。

Keywords:

• pregnancy
• diabetes mellitus
• type 1
• glycated hemoglobin A1c
• pre-eclampsia

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).