Effects of thyroid hormones in women with gestational diabetes

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to determine the effect of serum free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and fT3/fT4 ratio on the gestational diabetes.

Methods

This multicenter study was conducted by analyzing retrospectively 495 pregnant women who admitted to the Tepecik training and Research Hospital, and Kocaeli Derince training and Research Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019. Seventy-eight pregnant women diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and 82 pregnant women without GDM diagnosis were included in the study. The relationship between thyroid markers (TSH, fT3, fT4 and fT3/fT4) and gestational diabetes was determined using logistic regression analysis.

Results

Advanced age, low fT4 and high TSH levels were higher in GDM group, p < .05. Results of the logistic regression analysis revealed that the gestational week (OR 20.291, 95% CI 3.132–131-449, p = .002], fasting plasma glucose (OR 48,551, 95% CI 9.223–255.582, p < .001), HbA1c (OR 13,671, 95%CI 2.977–62.781, p =.001) and fT3/fT4 (OR 29.934, 95% CI 3.558–251836, p = .002) were the risk factors of GDM.

Discussion

Advanced gestational week, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and fT3/fT4 ratio are among the risk factors for the development of the gestational diabetes.

摘要

目的：本研究旨在确定血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（fT3）、游离甲状腺素（fT4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）和fT3/fT4比值对妊娠期糖尿病的影响。

方法：这项多中心研究是通过回顾性分析 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间在 Tepecik 培训和研究医院和 Kocaeli Derince 培训和研究医院收治的 495 名孕妇进行的。研究包括78例妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 的孕妇 和82 名非GDM的孕妇。应用逻辑回归分析确定甲状腺标志物（TSH、fT3、fT4 和 fT3/fT4）与妊娠糖尿病之间的关系。

结果：GDM组高龄、低fT4、高TSH水平均高于对照组, p < 0.05。逻辑回归分析结果显示, 孕周（OR 20.291, 95%可信区间3.132-131-449, p = 0.002）、空腹血糖（OR 48551, 95%可信区间9.223-255.582, p < 0.001）、HbA1c（OR 13671, 95%可信区间2.977-62.781, p = 0.001）和fT3/fT4（OR 29.934, 95%可信区间3.558-251836, p = 0.002）是GDM的危险因素。

讨论：孕晚周、空腹血糖、HbA1c和fT3/fT4比值是妊娠期糖尿病发生的危险因素。

Keywords:

• Thyroid
• diabetes
• pregnancy
• complication

关键词:

• 甲状腺
• 糖尿病
• 妊娠
• 并发症

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.