Understanding exercise promotion in rheumatic diseases: A qualitative study among physical therapists

ABSTRACT

Background: Physical therapists have unique expertise in planning, prescribing, and supporting exercise for patients with rheumatic diseases. Promoting exercise can be a challenge, but descriptions of physical therapists’ experiences within the field of rheumatology are limited.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe ways of understanding exercise promotion among physical therapists working in rheumatology.

Design and Method: A phenomenographic approach was used to analyze semi-structured interviews with 25 physical therapists working primarily within the field of rheumatology from eight different physical therapy departments at hospitals across Sweden.

Results: Four ways of understanding exercise promotion were identified. These were named: exercise promotion as information and monitoring of the behavior, as facilitation of skills building, as co-creation of awareness, and as the development of independence and self-reflection.

Conclusion: Physical therapists in rheumatology understand exercise promotion in various ways that differ with respect to comprehensiveness and patient-centeredness. The physical therapists’ use of behavior change techniques serves different purposes in exercise promotion, varying from external control to self-management. The present results might thus be used to develop awareness, knowledge, and skills for more deliberate exercise promotion among physical therapists working with patients having rheumatic diseases.

KEYWORDS:

• Interviews
• physical therapists
• qualitative research
• rheumatic diseases
• physical activity

Declaration of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The study was supported by The Karolinska Institutet part-time financing of doctoral students (KID), The Swedish Rheumatism Foundation, The Forte foundation and The Swedish Research Council.