Heart and muscle involvement by extra-medullary myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Extra-medullary myeloid tumours (EMT) have been described after curative treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in increasing numbers after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The sites of manifestations are ubiquitous and the discovery is most frequently guided by symptoms reported by the patient or by findings on clinical examination. This study reports a case of EMT in muscles and the heart 1.5 years after allogeneic transplantation for an AML with t(8;21)(q22;23) who achieved a complete remission by use of an idarubicine-based combination chemotherapy. Pathological and imaging findings are presented and treatment options are discussed.

Keywords:

• Acute myeloid leukaemia
• extra-medullary myeloid tumour
• allogeneic stem cell transplantation
• muscle infiltration
• heart infiltration
• donor lymphocyte infusion