Risk of second primary malignancy in patients with primary myelofibrosis: a SEER database study

Abstract

Prior studies report a greater incidence of second primary malignancy (SPM) among patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, although the true risk in primary myelofibrosis (PMF) has not been elucidated. We utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to evaluate the risk of SPM in PMF patients and analyzed the effects of sociodemographic factors on the risk of SPM. Out of 5273 patients, 385 patients (7.30%) developed SPM. SPM occurred at SIR of 1.95 (95% CI 1.76–2.15) and AER of 149.01 per 10,000 population. A significantly higher incidence of melanoma (SIR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01–2.86), lymphoma (SIR 3.38, 95% CI 2.28–4.83), and leukemia (SIR 27.19, 95% CI 23.09-31.81) was observed. The risk was significantly higher in patients ≤60 years, males, chemotherapy recipients, within 5 years of PMF diagnosis, and for PMF diagnosed after 2009.

Keywords:

• Primary myelofibrosis
• second primary malignancy
• incidence
• leukemia
• melanoma

Acknowledgements

This study findings were presented in an abstract form at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting held in June 2022.

Disclosure statement

Vijaya Raj Bhatt reports participating in Safety Monitoring Committee for Protagonist, and receiving consulting fees from Genentech, Incyte, Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC, and Abbvie, research funding (institutional) from Abbvie, Pfizer, Incyte, Jazz, and National Marrow Donor Program, and drug support (institutional) from Oncoceutics for a trial. There are no conflicts of interest for any other authors.

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article [and/or] its supplementary materials.