Real-world assessment of the treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with multiple myeloma across different risk stratification criteria in the United States: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

This study evaluated prognostic performance of International Staging System (ISS), revised ISS, and chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients to describe treatment patterns (cohort 1; n = 1979) and survival outcomes (cohort 2; n = 1382). In both cohorts, ∼18%, 41%, and 37% of patients were high-risk according to the R-ISS, ISS, and high-risk CA criteria, respectively. Across all risk stratification criteria, 60% of patients received triplets. In cohort 2, the median modified progression-free survival decreased with each increasing risk stage (23.5, 12.1, and 8.8 months in R-ISS I, II, and III, respectively, and 16.0, 12.7, and 10.4 months in ISS I, II, and III). Similar trends were observed in the proportions of two-year overall survival. In conclusion, R-ISS has greater discriminatory power than ISS or high-risk CA alone and can be implemented in a real-world setting. Accordingly, a more risk-adapted approach can be feasible, with a greater population-level impact.

Keywords:

• Electronic health records
• overall survival
• prognosis
• progression-free survival
• triplets

Acknowledgements

Medical writing support was provided by Advait A. Joshi, PhD, of Cactus Life Sciences (part of Cactus Communications), which was funded by Amgen Inc.

Disclosure statement

Motiur Rahman was an employee of Amgen Inc. at the time this study was conducted. Christopher Kim and Alissa Keegan are employees and stockholders of Amgen Inc. Jazmine Mateus is an employee of Simulstat Inc., which consults for Amgen Inc.

Data availability statement

Qualified researchers may request data from Amgen clinical studies. Complete details are available at the following: http://www.amgen.com/datasharing

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Amgen Inc.