A Comparison of Foster Care Entry Risk at Three Spatial Scales

Abstract

This study addresses the problem of operationalizing neighborhood boundaries by investigating foster care entry risk at three spatial scales. Foster care entries from a California county between 2000 and 2003 (n = 3,311) are geocoded to each of the three scales (N = 46 zip codes, 320 census tracts, and 983 block groups). Exploratory spatial data analysis is used to compare spatial autocorrelation of entry rates among scales. Results suggest that depending on how neighborhoods are defined, the geographic pattern of foster care incidence changes. Implications for accurately targeting services to high-risk neighborhoods and future research directions are noted.

Keywords:

• spatial scale
• child welfare
• foster care
• spatial analysis
• modifiable areal unit problem
• risk factors
• high risk neighborhood

Notes

*The journal's style utilizes the category substance abuse as a diagnostic category. Substances are used or misused; living organisms are and can be abused. Editor's note.

¹Census tracts en inglés, de acuerdo al US Census Bureau son pequeñas subdivisiones estadícas relativamente permanentes de un condado.

²Block Group en inglés, de acuerdo al US Census Bureau son la unidad geográfica constituyente de los Census Tracts y corresponden a calles o agrupaciones de estas.