Maternal Substance Abuse and the Mother-Child Relationship in Late Childhood

Abstract

Objective:

This study examines the relationship between maternal substance abuse and various aspects of the mother-child relationship in late childhood while accounting for mental health and comorbid substance abuse and mental health among a predominantly racial minority sample.

Methods:

Using 369 mother-child dyads from the Rochester Intergenerational Study (64% Black, 17% Hispanic, and 8% mixed race/ethnicity), multilevel generalized linear models examined the effects of a maternal substance abuse history, a history of clinical depression, and comorbid substance abuse and depression histories on both maternal and child reports of five aspects of the mother-child relationship (i.e. warmth, consistent discipline, maternal knowledge, involvement, and conflict).

Results:

A maternal substance abuse history alone was unrelated to each aspect of the mother-child relationship as perceived by the mother or child, with the exception of child perceptions of maternal knowledge of behavior. Alternatively, a history of depression or comorbid histories of substance abuse and depression was negatively related to warmth, consistent discipline, involvement, and conflict but only as perceived by the mother.

Conclusions:

This study reinforces the need for integrated treatment programs for women with substance use problems, particularly programs that incorporate mental health and parenting components. Moreover, it highlights specific targets for intervention that can reduce subsequent maternal substance abuse and improve offspring outcomes. The divergence in observed effects across reporter also suggests that future research should use multiple reporters to examine the interpersonal consequences associated maternal substance abuse.

Keywords:

• Substance abuse
• depression
• parenting
• comorbidities
• reporter bias

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability

The data used in this research are available from the principal investigator of the Rochester Intergenerational Study and the University at Albany. Current efforts are underway to publish the data through ICPSR in line with funding requirements.

Additional information

Funding

Support for the Rochester Youth Development Study has been provided by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA020195, R01DA005512), the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (86-JN-CX-0007, 96-MU-FX-0014, 2004-MU-FX-0062), the National Science Foundation (SBR-9123299), and the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH56486, R01MH63386). Technical assistance for this project was also provided by an NICHD grant (R24HD044943) to The Center for Social and Demographic Analysis at the University at Albany. Points of view or opinions in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the funding agencies. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.