Thermogravimetric Analysis for the Determination of Water Release Rate from Microcrystalline Cellulose Dry Powder and Wet Bead Systems

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to determine the total amount of water contained in dry powder and wet bead samples of microcrystalline cellulose, MCC, (Avicel® PH-101), taken from various stages of the extrusion/marumerization process used to make beads and to determine the kinetic rates of water release from each sample. These samples were allowed to equilibrate in controlled humidity chambers at 25°C. The total amount of water in each sample, after equilibration, was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as a function of temperature. The rates of water release from these samples were determined by using isothermal gravimetric analysis (ITGA) as a function of time. Analysis of the results for these studies suggest that water was released from these systems by several different kinetic mechanisms. The water release mechanisms for these systems include: zero order, second order, and diffusion controlled kinetics. It is believed that all three kinetic mechanisms will occur at the same time, however; only one mechanism will be prominent. The prominent mechanism was based on the amount of water present in the sample.

Keywords:

• kinetics
• microcrystalline cellulose
• zero order
• second order
• diffusion controlled
• thermogravimetric analysis
• isothermal gravimetric analysis