https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6378-1115
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Notes
1 See https://naukaoklimacie.pl/aktualnosci/polskie-zimy-w-xx-i-xxi-wieku-cz-1-272 (accessed 10 October 2023).
2 The Jewish Society for the Promotion of the Fine Arts was established at the beginning of the 1920s, its main aim being to provide material assistance to Jewish visual artists. The society organized exhibitions and popularized art among the Polish Jewish community.
3 See employment questionnaire for Ernestyna Podhorizer-Zaikin (12 November 1974), AŻIH 310/1193, k. 11. After the war, the Central Committee of Jews in Poland was the largest Jewish institution in the country, bringing together representatives of most of the legalized Jewish political parties and community organizations, and it officially represented Polish Jews to the state authorities and various international Jewish organizations. During the second half of the 1940s, it was active in almost all areas of Jewish life in Poland, with the exception of religion. The statutory aims of the committee were implemented by specialized departments; at the local level, tasks were carried out by units of the appropriate rank (provincial, district, municipal).
4 Letter from Ernestyna Podhorizer-Sandel to the management of the Jewish Historical Institute Association (20 July 1970), AŻIH 310/1193 k. 81.
5 Letter from Ruta Pups to Dir.[ector?] of ŻIH (8 June 1970) requesting a reference based on her work in the Museum Department from January 1967 to June 1969, AŻIH 1188. k. 190.
6 Letter to the ŻIH directorate (12 March 1973) requesting full-time employment, AŻIH 310/1193, k. 75.
7 See Sakowska-Pups, “O działalności teatralnej w getcie warszawskim”; Pups-Sakowska, ”Opieka nad uchodźcami i przesiedleńcami żydowskimi w Warszawie w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej.”
8 See Getka-Kenig, ”Problem badań nad historią 'sztuki żydowskiej' w komunistycznej Polsce,” 51 (n. 36).
9 With heartfelt thanks to Monika Taras from the ŻIH archive for her assistance in identifying Jan Krupka and Ruta Sakowska in the photograph.
10 ORT – Organization of the Development of Industrial, Trade, and Agricultural Activity in the Jewish Population. ORT was active in Poland from the 1920s, sponsoring training programs in trade and agriculture, providing tools, and organizing technical education. ORT resumed its activities in 1946, was disbanded in 1950, reactivated in 1957 and continued its work until 1967.
11 See Jan Krupka, curriculum vitae (1 September 1969), AŻIH 310/1041, k. 3–4.
12 See letter from Jan Krupka to the ŻIH directorate (21 October 1985) requesting permission to resign from the post of manager of the archive effective 1 January 1986, and contract of employment (31 December 1977), confirming Krupka's taking on the post of manager of the archive effective as of that date, AŻIH 310/1041, k. 36 and k. 71, respectively.
13 The photograph is currently in the family archive of Helena Datner.
14 Quote from Helena Datner, sociologist and historian, in a biographical text on Szymon Datner; see idem, ”Szymon Datner: Życie i praca.”
15 Ibid.
16 See Cofałka, ”O Ślązaku, który stał się Żydem Arie Masonhercel czyli Norbert Wojtyczka,” 252; I would like to thank Bella Szwarcman-Czarnota for her help in identifying Norbert Wojtyczka in the photograph.
17 The details about Wojtyczka presented here are based on the conclusions of Jan Cofałka, who used the information gathered by Hanna Szmalenberg and Dorota Szwarcman, in ibid., 260.
18 Ibid., 268.
19 For more details, see Samuel Kassow and Eleonora Bergman's ”The Scholary Legacy of Ruta Sakowska,” in this issue.
20 See Mórawski, ”Ernestyna Podhorizer-Sandel (1903–1984),” 256.
21 See Podhorizer-Sandel, ”Wspomnienie o Józefie Sandlu (w dziesiątą rocznicę śmierci),” 111.
22 See Piątkowska, ”Żydowskie Towarzystwo Krzewienia Sztuk Pięknych (Jidisze Gezelszaft cu Farszprojtn Kunst),” 69.
23 Yiddish was not among the languages indicated by Pohhorizer-Sandel in the personal data questionnaire submitted on 16 November 1951, when she was employed by the institute; see AŻIH 310/1193, k. 100.
24 Jan Krupka did not indicate a knowledge of Yiddish in the personal data questionnaire submitted on 24 February 1981, during the course of his employment at the institute; see AŻIH 310/1041, k. 7.
25 See Podhorizer-Sandel, ”Wspomnienie o Józefie Sandlu, ”115.
26 See Getka-Kenig, ”Problem badań nad historią sztuki żydowskiej,” 51.
27 These articles were later published in book form under the title Iber shteyn un shtok: A rayze iber hundert khorev-gevorene kehiles in poyln (Tel Aviv: 1952).
28 Tsanin, Iber shteyn un shtok, 14. Before the Second World War, the Jewish cemetery on Okopowa St. in Warsaw was known as the cemetery on Gęsia (St.).
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Notes on contributors
Ewa Koźmińska-Frejlak
Ewa Koźmińska-Frejlak, sociologist, author of articles and book chapters on Jewish life in Poland during and after the Holocaust, and editor of several books. Since 2014 she has managed the Jewish Historical Institute’s Editorial Committee for Critical Editions of Publications of the Central Jewish Historical Commission in Poland, which originally were written in the immediate aftermath of the Holocaust. Her recent monograph is Po Zagładzie: Praktyki asymilacyjne ocalałych jako strategie zadomawiania się w Polsce (1944/45–1950) (2022), which examines Jewish survivors’ strategies of adaptation in immediate postwar Poland.