Contribution of body mass index, waist circumference, and 25-OH-D3 on the risk of pre-diabetes mellitus in the Chinese population

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the associations between body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25-OH-D3), and the risk of pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM), as well as their predictive values in identifying PDM. A total of 1688 participants were included in this cross-sectional investigation. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships between candidate indicators and PDM. The impact of indicators on PDM risk was determined by multivariate logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of indicators. Our study indicated a positive correlation between WC, BMI, and 25-OH-D3 and PDM. WC (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04–1.06, p < 0.001), BMI (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.08–1.15, p < 0.001), and 25-OH-D3 (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00–1.02, p = 0.037) and an increased risk of PDM. Additionally, the ROC analysis demonstrated that WC (AUC = 0.651, Specificity = 55.00%, Sensitivity = 67.900%) had a higher diagnostic value for predicting PDM compared to the other variables (BMI, 25-OH-D3, TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and UA). A cut-off value of WC > 80.5 cm predicted PDM with both good sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, the cut-off value of waist circumference (WC) for men with prediabetes was 86.500, while for women with prediabetes, it was 76.500.

Keywords:

• BMI
• waist circumference
• 25-OH-d3
• pre-diabetes mellitus
• diagnosis

Acknowledgments

We thank all participants in this study. We also thank Hainan General Hospital for their help with sample collections.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

This cross-sectional study was conducted by the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Hainan General Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Author contributions

Qianying Ou and Jinwen Yu: drafted the work or revised it critically for important content; Leweihua Lin: performed the experiments; Danhong Lin and Kaining Chen: analyzed the data and prepared figures and tables; Huibiao Quan: conceived and designed the experiments. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

All authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Data availability statement

The datasets generated and/or analyzed in the current study cannot be made public due to the potential for subsequent analysis of the data but may be obtained from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by Hainan Provincial Key Research and Development Project [ZDYF2022SHFZ316] and received the support of the project supported by the Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center.