Placebo responses vary by route of administration in migraine prevention trials. What does this mean?

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Declaration of financial/other interests

CID has received IHS research fellowship grant, scholarship from Hellenic society of Neurology; she serves as a member of the Board of Directors in the European Headache Federation. PM has received grants from SpringerNature and from Springer Switzerland, royalties from Springer UK. He serves as Editor in Chief of The Journal of Headache and Pain; Editor in Chief of SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine; he received grants as Editor of Headache Books Series from Springer, Editor of books Migraine in Medicine, A Machine-Generated Overview of Current Research and Non-Migraine Primary Headaches in Medicine, Publisher Springer. He received grants form Italian Foundation for Study of Headaches to School of Advanced Studies, Unitelma Sapienza University of Rome, for the Advanced Training Course on Headaches in Low Medium Income Countries (LMIC). He serves as a member ex officio of the Board of Directors in the European Headache Federation. DDM has received honoraria, research and travel grants from Allergan/Abbvie, Amgen, Biogen, Cefaly, Genesis Pharma, Electrocore, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Merk-Serono, Mertz, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Specifar and Teva; he has participated in clinical trials for Amgen, Cefaly, Electrocore, Eli Lilly, Genesis Pharma, Lundbeck, Mertz, Novartis, Specifar and Teva as principal investigator; he is President of the board of the Hellenic Headache Society; and Co-chairman of the management group of the Headache Panel at the European Academy of Neurology. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.

Acknowledgements

None stated.

Reviewer disclosures

A reviewer on this manuscript has disclosed that they have served as a consultant and have been on the speakers bureau for Amgen, Lilly, Lundbeck, and Teva. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no other relevant financial relationships or otherwise to disclose.

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