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Abstract
Structural modification of insulin results in the generation of insulin analogues that show altered binding affinities to the insulin receptor and/or IGF-I receptor. As a consequence these insulin analogues may have increased mitogenic potency. Nine benign or malignant human mammary epithelial cells, which show different insulin receptor and IGF-I receptor expression patterns, were studied regarding mitogenicity of insulin and insulin analogues. Only insulin glargine showed a significantly higher proliferative effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells compared to regular insulin among a panel of short- or long-acting insulin analogues, that are in clinical use.
| Abbreviations | ||
| DMEM | = | Dulbecco's modified essential medium |
| ER | = | estrogen receptor |
| Erk | = | extracellular-signal regulated kinase |
| FBS | = | foetal bovine serum |
| IGF | = | insulin-like growth factor |
| IGF-IR | = | type I IGF receptor |
| IR | = | insulin receptor |
| IRS-1 | = | insulin receptor substrate-1 |
| MAPK | = | mitogen activated protein kinase |
| NPH | = | neutral protamine Hagedorn |
| PBS | = | phosphate-buffered saline |
| PKB | = | protein kinase B |
| RHI | = | regular human insulin |
| Abbreviations | ||
| DMEM | = | Dulbecco's modified essential medium |
| ER | = | estrogen receptor |
| Erk | = | extracellular-signal regulated kinase |
| FBS | = | foetal bovine serum |
| IGF | = | insulin-like growth factor |
| IGF-IR | = | type I IGF receptor |
| IR | = | insulin receptor |
| IRS-1 | = | insulin receptor substrate-1 |
| MAPK | = | mitogen activated protein kinase |
| NPH | = | neutral protamine Hagedorn |
| PBS | = | phosphate-buffered saline |
| PKB | = | protein kinase B |
| RHI | = | regular human insulin |