Chemical characterisation and appraisal of antidiabetic potential of Terminalia citrina extract in streptozotocin induced hyperglycaemia in Wistar rats

Abstract

The current research was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Terminalia citrina methanolic extract (TCME) by streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. TCME exhibited better in-vitro antioxidant and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity as compared to other tested extracts. TCME at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg showed notable (p < .05) antidiabetic potential by lowering fasting blood glucose level, restoring lipid level, serum amylase, HbA1c, kidney, and liver function tests as coevidenced from histological findings of the liver, pancreas, and kidney. TCME remarkably reinstated the antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT: 0.181 ± 0.011 IU/mg protein, SOD: 21.45 ± 1.53 IU/mg protein) and reduced lipid peroxidation level (40.60 ± 2.41 µM/mg protein) in the liver and kidney tissue of diabetic rats at 750 mg/kg dose. The acute and subacute oral toxicity study of TCME exhibited no clinical toxicity signs and mortality. Its GC-MS spectrum unveiled the existence of 10-octadecenoic acid and other compounds which might have contributed to antidiabetic potential.

Keywords:

• Streptozotocin
• antioxidant
• GC-MS
• Terminalia citrina
• alpha-amylase
• acute toxicity: oxidative stress

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Higher education commission for a startup research grant to Dr. Muhammad Furqan Akhtar, project no. 21–1643/SRGP/R&D/HEC/2017.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

All the data supporting the findings of this study are included in the article.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.