Anti-cholinergic, Cytotoxic and Anti-HIV-1 Activities of Sesquiterpenes and a Flavonoid Glycoside from the Aerial Parts of Polygonum viscosum

Abstract

The anti-cholinergic, cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities of four sesquiterpenes, viscosumic acid, viscozulenic acid, viscoazucine and viscoazulone, and a flavonoid glycoside, quercetin 3-O-(6″-feruloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside, isolated from the aerial parts of Polygonum viscosum have been assessed. Among these compounds, quercetin 3-O-(6″-feruloyl)-β-d-galactopyranoside exhibited significant cytotoxic activity (IC₅₀ = 13.33 µg/mL) against the ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3), anti-HIV-1 activity (IC₅₀ = 25.61 µg/mL) and mild anti-cholinergic activity. Only one sesquiterpene, viscoazulone, showed anti-HIV-1 activity (IC₅₀ = 33.13 µg/mL).

Keywords::

• Polygonum viscosum
• Polygonaceae
• viscoazucine
• viscoazulone
• viscozulenic acid
• viscosumic acid
• cytotoxic activity
• anti-HIV activity