Ultrasound promoted green synthesis, anticancer evaluation, and molecular docking studies of hydrazines: a pilot trial

Abstract

We reported herein an efficient, environmentally friendly synthesis of hydrazine carboxamides (6a–l) in a water-glycerol (6:4) solvent system using ultrasonic irradiation. Ultrasonicated reactions were found to be much faster and more productive than conventional synthesis. The prepared compounds (6a–l) were tested against nine panels of 60 cancer cell lines according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI US) protocol. N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)hydrazine-1-carboxamide (6b) was discovered to be promising anticancer agents with higher sensitivity against CCRF-CEM, HOP-92, UO-31, RMPI-8226, HL-60(TB), and MDA-MB-468 with percent growth inhibitions (%GIs) of 143.44, 33.46, 33.21, 33.09, 29.81, and 29.55 respectively. Compounds (6a–l) tested showed greater anticancer activity than Imatinib, except for compound 6k. Compounds 6b and 6c were found to be lethal on the CCRF-CEM leukaemia cell line, with %GIs of 143.44 and 108.91, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate ligand binding affinity at the active site of epidermal growth factor (EGFR).

Keywords:

• Anticancer
• hydrazine carboxamide
• EGFR inhibitor
• ultrasound
• water: glycerol system

Acknowledgement

The author Dr. Abuzer Ali is thankful to Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number (TURSP-2020/124), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. The authors also acknowledge the help of the National Cancer Institute USA and CDRI India for anticancer activity and spectral analysis of target compound respectively. The authors are grateful to Schrodinger for providing a trial license, and training team.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).