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ABSTRACT
Objectives
To evaluate the cardiovascular safety of COVID-19 vaccines in the real world.
Methods
Studies reported on any COVID-19 vaccine-related cardiovascular events in the population aged ≥12 years between 1 January 2020 and 15 June 2022 were included.
Results
A total of 42 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Myocarditis risk was mainly seen after the second (risk ratio [RR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59–2.58) and third (RR, 2.02; 95% CI: 1.04–2.91) dose. A total of 5 vaccines were analyzed, among which mRNA-1273 (RR, 3.13; 95% CI: 2.11–4.14) and BNT162b2 (RR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.30–1.85) vaccines were associated with myocarditis risk. No significant increase in risk of myocardial infarction (RR, 0.96) or arrhythmia (RR, 0.98) events was observed following vaccination. The risk of cardiovascular events (myocarditis, RR, 8.53; myocardial infarction, RR, 2.59; arrhythmia, RR, 4.47) after SARS-CoV-2 infection was much higher than after vaccination.
Conclusions
The risk of myocarditis was observed after COVID-19 vaccination, but it was much lower than that following the SARS-CoV-2 infection. No significant increased risk of myocardial infarction or arrhythmia was found after COVID-19 vaccination.
Declaration of interest
The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or material discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.
Reviewer disclosures
Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.
Author contributions
Y.F.C., E.W.H. and B.L. conceived the study. Y.F.C and E.W.H. collected the data. Y.F.C. analyzed and interpreted the data, and wrote the first draft of the paper. All authors edited and approved the final manuscript.
Ethical approval
Patients or public were not involved in setting the research question or the outcome measures, nor were they involved in the design or conduct of the study. No participants were asked to advise on interpretation or writing up of the manuscript. There are no plans to involve patients in the dissemination of the study findings.
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2023.2150169