Smart grid technologies and application in the sustainable energy transition: a review

ABSTRACT

The smart grid is a product of the advances in computer and communication technology and power electronics that creates a more resilient, reliable and one that supports a two-way flow of electricity and information. The smart grid enables more uptake of the variable renewables like wind, solar and variable loads like the plug-in cars and improves the efficiency of power systems and facilitate several products and services supported by the grid like automatic healing and re-routing of power in case of a fault and demand side management. The deployment and use of smart grids will enhance the realization of shared goals of grid stakeholders, promote energy security, enable economic growth, and help in the mitigation of climate change.

KEYWORDS:

• Smart grids
• grid optimisation
• smart grid technology
• Internet of Things
• smart grid architecture
• Industry 4.0
• sustainable energy
• renewable energy
• non-renewable energy
• energy transition

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to appreciate reviewers, researchers, and scholars in the field of geothermal energy and electricity for providing significant, credible, and reliable information in all aspects of geothermal energy with ready access. As authors, we thank Michael Vermeer who edited our work and gave it the current shape. The authors thank Joseph Akpan (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-1901) for organizing the manuscript and reviewers for providing suggestions to improve this paper.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Availability of data

The research has provided all data and information used and did not use any undeclared data and information. However, any datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Authors contribution

The first author (Moses Kabeyi) conceptualised and drafted the manuscript which was reviewed and improved by the second author (Alodulapo Olenwaraju), who also facilitated any form of funding related to the research.