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Abstract
The Listening in Spatialized Noise test (LISN®) produces a three-dimensional auditory environment under headphones, using only a PC and an audiometer, and was designed to provide an ecologically valid assessment of auditory figure-ground skills in children. The listener is required to indicate the intelligibility level of a story presented at 0° azimuth, in the presence of distracter sentences simultaneously presented at either 0° or ±90° azimuth. Various measures assess the extent to which either spatial, vocal, or spatial and vocal cues combined, increase a listener's ability to comprehend the story, without being affected by differences between participants in variables such as linguistic skills. There was a trend of improved performance with increasing age for 48 normally hearing seven-, eight-, and nine-year-olds, and sixteen adults. Whereas some significant differences were found between adults and children, there were no significant differences in performance between the seven-, eight-, and nine-year-olds on any measure, and no significant gender or practice effects were observed. Future studies on children with suspected auditory processing disorder were considered warranted.
Sumario
La prueba de audición en ruido espacializado (LISN®) produce un ambiente auditivo tridimensional con audífonos, por medio de una PC y un audiómetro. Se diseñó para proporcionar una evaluación ecológicamente válida de las habilidades figura/fondo en niños. Se le pide al sujeto que escucha que indique el nivel de inteligibilidad de una historia presentada a 0° azimut en presencia de oraciones simultáneas como distractor ya sea a 0° o a ±90° azimut. Hay varias mediciones que evalúan el grado en que las claves vocales, espaciales o vocales y espaciales combinadas, aumentan la habilidad del sujeto para comprender la historia, sin que se vean afectadas por las diferencias entre participantes, tales como las habilidades lingüísticas. Hubo una tendencia a mejorar el desempeño con el incremento de la edad en 48 sujetos normoyentes de 7,8 y 9 años y en 16 adultos. Mientras que algunas diferencias significativas se encontraron entre niños y adultos, no hubo diferencias significativas en el desempeño entre los niños de 7,8 y 9 años en ninguna medición, ni tampoco se observó ninguna diferencia entre géneros o por efecto de la práctica. Se consideran necesarios más estudios en niños con sospecha de alteraciones en el procesamiento auditivo.
| Abbreviations | ||
| ANOVA | = | analysis of variance |
| APD | = | auditory processing disorder |
| HRTF | = | head related transfer function |
| HpTF | = | headphone-to-eardrum transfer function |
| IID | = | interaural intensity difference |
| ITD | = | interaural time difference |
| KEMAR | = | Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research |
| LISN | = | Listening in Spatialized Noise Test of measurement |
| SE | = | standard error |
| SNR | = | signal-to-noise ratio |
| SSA | = | spatial separation advantage |
| Abbreviations | ||
| ANOVA | = | analysis of variance |
| APD | = | auditory processing disorder |
| HRTF | = | head related transfer function |
| HpTF | = | headphone-to-eardrum transfer function |
| IID | = | interaural intensity difference |
| ITD | = | interaural time difference |
| KEMAR | = | Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research |
| LISN | = | Listening in Spatialized Noise Test of measurement |
| SE | = | standard error |
| SNR | = | signal-to-noise ratio |
| SSA | = | spatial separation advantage |