Effects of pesticide NeemAzal-T/S on thyroid, stress hormone and some cytokines levels in freshwater common carp, Cyprinus carpio L

Abstract

In this study, the effects of azadirachtin (AZA) on thyroid axis hormones [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free/total triiodothyronine (FT3/TT3), free/total thyroxine (FT4/TT4)], stress axis [cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormones (ACTH)] and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] levels in carp fish exposed to 1.20 ppm and 2.40 ppm AZA for 4 days and 30 days were investigated. As a result of our study, the increase in serum TSH, FT3, FT4, ACTH, cortisol, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels and decreases in serum TT3 and TT4 levels were found to be statistically significant depending on the dose and time (p < 0.05).

Keywords:

• Pesticide
• NeemAzal-T/S
• azadirachtin
• hormone
• Cyprinus carpio

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Aksaray University, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, (Aksaray, Turkey) for the experimental process of this study.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The authors express their gratitude to the Scientific Research Project Commission of Amasya University for supporting this study (Project number: FMB-BAP-15–0121).