Case report: Venetoclax plus Azacitidine in treatment of acute undifferentiated leukemia

ABSTRACT

Objectives

Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL) is a clinical rare leukemia with an overall poor prognosis. Currently, there are no well-established treatment guidelines for AUL, further exploration of optimal treatment options is now required.

Methods

We report an AUL patient who was complicated by a NRAS mutation and del5q was admitted to our hospital and we present the clinical features. In addition, we conducted a literature review.

Results

The “VA” scheme combines agents Venetoclax and Azacitidine that have synergistic therapeutic effect with a tolerable safety profile. There is no previous report of the “VA” scheme employed in AUL treatment. An AUL patient who was complicated by a NRAS mutation and del5q was admitted to our hospital. The “VA” scheme was administrated, and complete remission (CR) was achieved at the end of the first cycle. The patient then underwent HLA-identical sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Discussion

The “VA” scheme has been extensively used in AML treatment, but its application in AUL treatment has not yet been reported. This study is the first to report an AUL patient treated with the “VA” scheme and achieved CR. Our result preliminarily suggested the effectiveness and safety of the “VA” scheme in AUL treatment, but validation is required in more clinical samples. The “VA” scheme provides a new treatment option for AUL patients and deserves further clinical promotion.

KEYWORDS:

• Acute undifferentiated leukemia (AUL)
• Venetoclax
• Azacitidine
• B-cell lymphoma-2

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the patient.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Authors’ contributions

Yu Cui was responsible for the literature review and writing the manuscript; Ruihua Mi, Chen Lin, and Lin Wang were responsible for providing patient data and collecting blood samples; Xudong Wei and Dongbei Li were involved in the revision of the manuscript. All authors read and agreed on the final version of the manuscript.

Consent for publication

The patient and their family signed the informed consent.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the appropriate ethics review boards.

Additional information

Funding

Science and Technology Department of Henan Province (CN) [Award Number NO.SBGJ202003012]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant/Award Number 82170151]; graduate independent innovation Project of School of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University.