Glycaemic control and its associated factors among adult Omanis with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional survey

ABSTRACT

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glycemic control and diabetes self-management (DSM) and other associated factors among adult Omanis with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM).

Methods

A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to collect data among 210 adult Omanis with T1DM who were conveniently recruited. All tools were self-reported, whereas the HbA1c was collected from the patient’s electronic medical records.

Results

The HbA1c mean value was 8.6 (SD = 2.5), 30.5% had optimal glycemic control (<7.0). A significant negative relationship between HbA1c and DSM (r = - 0.191, p = 0.006) and diabetes knowledge (r = - 0.153, p = 0.026) was found. Furthermore, the mean HbA1c was significantly lower for persons with a single marital status, have higher education level, have children, are unemployed, were not admitted to the hospital in the last year, and have a health care professional as a family member. Additionally, marital status, level of education, DSM, and social support were significant predictors of glycemic control.

Conclusions

The results suggested that better glycemic control could be achieved by optimizing DSM, social support, and diabetes knowledge. Sociodemographic factors should be considered when treating individuals with T1DM to reach good glycemic control.

KEYWORDS:

• Diabetic self-management
• glycemic control
• T1DM
• Oman
• predictors

Declaration of interest

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Reviewer disclosures

Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Ethics statement

This study was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Helsinki Declaration and all participants signed an informed consent.

Data availability statement

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due [to restrictions by the Research and Ethics Committee in the College of Nursing at Sultan Qaboos University to protect the participants’ privacy] but are available from the Principal Investigator (RAH) on reasonable request.

Author contribution statement

Rajaa Al-Hadhrami is the principal investigator and was responsible for data collection and drafting of the first version of the manuscript. Omar Al-Rawajfah conducted the analysis and contributed to the discussion and review of the manuscript. Joshua K. Muliira and Atika Khalaf assisted in the interpretation of the findings, contributed to the writing, and reviewed and revised the manuscript critically. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Additional information

Funding

This paper was not funded.