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ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to assess the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) effect on unresponsive thin (<7 mm) endometrium in women undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer at the blastocyst stage. A total of 62 women with thin unresponsive endometrium were included in the study, of which, 29 received a G-CSF infusion and 33 who opted out of the study served as controls. Patients in both groups had similar endometrial thickness at the time of the initial evaluation: 6.50 mm (5.50-6.80) in the G-CSF and 6.40 mm (5.50-7.0) in the control group. However, after the infusion endometrial thickness increased significantly in the G-CSF group in comparison with the controls (p=0.01), (Δ) 0.5 (0.02-1.2) (p=0.005). In the G-CSF group endometrium expanded to 7.90 mm (6.58-8.70) while in the control group to 6.90 mm (6.0-7.75). Five women in each group conceived. The clinical pregnancy rate was 5/29 (17.24%) in the G-CSF treated group and 5/33 (15.15%) in the control group (p>0.05). The live birth rate was 2/29 (6.89%) in the G-CSF group and 2/33 (6.06%) in the control group (p>0.05). We concluded that G-CSF infusion leads to an improvement in endometrium thickness but not to any improvement in the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates. Until more data is available G-CSF treatment should be considered to be of limited value in increasing pregnancy rate. Abbreviations: G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; M-CSF: macrophagecolony-stimulating factor; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; FET: frozen embryo transfer; IVF: in vitro fertilization
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Justyna Stefaniak from Data Management and Statistical Analysis (DMSA) for data analyses. We thank Anna Knight for language support.
Declaration of interest
The authors report no declarations of interest and no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Michał Kunicki
Conception and design of the idea, data interpretation, and preparation of manuscript: MK, KŁ, JL, PS, JSZ. All the authors conceived and planned the work that led to the manuscript or played an important role in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. All the authors take responsibility for the work as a whole, from inception to the published manuscript.
Krzysztof Łukaszuk
Conception and design of the idea, data interpretation, and preparation of manuscript: MK, KŁ, JL, PS, JSZ. All the authors conceived and planned the work that led to the manuscript or played an important role in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. All the authors take responsibility for the work as a whole, from inception to the published manuscript.
Joanna Liss
Conception and design of the idea, data interpretation, and preparation of manuscript: MK, KŁ, JL, PS, JSZ. All the authors conceived and planned the work that led to the manuscript or played an important role in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. All the authors take responsibility for the work as a whole, from inception to the published manuscript.
Patrycja Skowrońska
Conception and design of the idea, data interpretation, and preparation of manuscript: MK, KŁ, JL, PS, JSZ. All the authors conceived and planned the work that led to the manuscript or played an important role in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. All the authors take responsibility for the work as a whole, from inception to the published manuscript.
Joanna Szczyptańska
Conception and design of the idea, data interpretation, and preparation of manuscript: MK, KŁ, JL, PS, JSZ. All the authors conceived and planned the work that led to the manuscript or played an important role in the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of the data. All the authors take responsibility for the work as a whole, from inception to the published manuscript.