https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7066-5644
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ABSTRACT
Few studies focused on human papillomavirus (HPV) in male patients. This study aimed to explore the detection rate and genotyping of HPV among male patients in Beijing to provide a reference for formulating prevention strategies for HPV infection. The cross-sectional study was conducted in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from November 2015 to March 2023. It covered male patients from the urology and dermatology departments. Fifteen high-risk HPV genotypes were detected by the multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The overall detection rate of HPV was 25.19% (1288/5114, 95% confidence interval [CI] 24.00%−26.38%), of which the single infection rate was 16.99% (869/5114, 95% CI 15.97%−18.05%) and the co-infection rate was 8.19% (419/5114, 95% CI 7.46%−8.98%). The detection rate of HPV was 40.77% (521/1278), 35.58% (58/163), 32.69% (101/309), 31.91% (60/188), 12.63% (299/2367), and 32.35% (131/405) among male patients with balanitis, warts, rash, urethritis, prostatitis, and other urinary inflammation, respectively (P < 0.001). The top five HPV genotypes were HPV-52, HPV-58, HPV-16, HPV-51, and HPV-66. After the first positive HPV test, the proportion of male patients who turned negative was 22.47% within 3 months, 26.40% within 3−6 months, 24.72% within 6−12 months, 17.98% within 12−24 months, and 8.43% more than 24 months. The detection rate of HPV was high among male patients from the urology and dermatology departments in Beijing, which should be considered to develop HPV vaccines with better prevention effects.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the medical staff in the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University for their help with sample collection and case investigations, as well as all the participants for their cooperation.
Author contributors
QBL, FC and LG provided the conception of the study. SW, MW and PW collected the epidemiological data, samples and conducted laboratory tests. SW, QYM, JD cleaned, analysed, and interpreted the data, and QYM drafted the manuscript. TTW, WXZ and YGZ participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis. LG, QBL and FQC provided critical revision of the article for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final version.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Data availability statement
The study design, protocol, and statistical analysis are provided in the main manuscript and the supplementary data files. Access to the data generated and analysed in this study will be provided upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.