Light and environment: Fevered Sleep

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Notes

1 Excerpt from an interview with Rainer Werner Fassbinder by Wilfried Wiegand, Berlin, 1974. In Penman (2023), p. 90.

2 Erwin Panovsky’s levels of iconography are: Primary, or natural; Secondary, or conventional; Tertiary, or intrinsic.

3 I am following in John Berger’s footsteps here; his Ways of Seeing is still, to me, a key text with regards to image making (Berger 1972).

4 Made by German company Lichttechnik. Not just chosen because of the name.

5 ‘I do not like the word distance much, because everyone thinks the word distance comes from Brecht. Distanciation. Brecht never spoke of Distanciation. He spoke of Verfremdung, which means strange. It is completely different. The English are even worse, they translate it with alienation’. Jean Marie Straub, Penman (2023), p. 89.

6 The lighting designer Michael Hulls speaks of independent and interdependent lighting. Interdependent lighting means the production is unimaginable without the lighting design. Independent lighting means that another lighting design would have little to no effect or change on the production. Russel Maliphant’s SHIFT, with lighting by Michael Hulls, is a good example of interdependent lighting.

7 There’s a very useful discussion of Improvisation and Jazz music in Roger Kneebone’s Expert (2020).