On the effect of building platform material on laser-powder bed fusion of a Ni-base superalloy HAYNES® 282®

Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) involves melting of layers of powder onto a substrate, called a building platform. Due to cost or convenience considerations, building platform materials rarely match the LPBF material, especially for high temperature materials. To ensure tolerances in component geometries, AM components are often stress-relieved/heat-treated while still attached to the building platform. It is therefore important to understand the effect of dissimilar building platform materials on the properties of the built-up material. These effects may be particularly important for high performance materials such as Ni-base superalloys used for critical applications in the aerospace and energy industries. To investigate this effect, samples of a Ni-base superalloy HAYNES® 282® were built onto a carbon steel building platform in several configurations. The samples were removed from the building platform after heat treatment and subjected to detailed composition analysis and microstructural characterization to investigate the effect of the building platform material on the properties of the additively manufactured part. Room temperature and high temperature tensile testing were used to characterize the material. Results showed no risk of large-scale chemical composition change, or mechanical property degradation of built-up material from on-platform heat treatment.

Keywords:

• Additive manufacturing
• laser powder bed fusion
• Haynes 282
• stress relief
• dissimilar materials

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge assistance from Dmitri Riabov of Höganäs AB in chemical composition analysis.

Author contributions

Abdul Shaafi Shaikh: Conceptualization, Investigation, Formal Analysis, Validation, Writing—Original Draft, Visualization. Fiona Schulz: Conceptualization, Validation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Writing—Review and Editing. Kevin Minet-Lallemand: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing—Review and Editing, Project Administration, Funding Acquisition. Eduard Hryha: Supervision, Resources, Validation, Writing—Review and Editing, Project Administration, Funding Acquisition.

Disclosure statement

The authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Additional information

Funding

This work has been performed in the framework of the Centre for Additive Manufacturing—Metal (CAM²), financed by Vinnova under grant number 2016-05175.

Notes on contributors

Abdul Shaafi Shaikh

Abdul Shaafi Shaikh is a materials engineer and industrial doctoral student at EOS Metal Materials and Chalmers University of Technology. His research focuses on additive manufacturing (3D printing) of nickel-base superalloys for high temperature applications. Shaafi’s research is conducted as part of the CAM2 competence centre for additive manufacturing.

Fiona Schulz

Dr. Fiona Schulz is a researcher in metal additive manufacturing at Chalmers University of Technology as part of CAM2. Her research focuses on investigating process–structure–property relationships of high-temperature, high-performance materials.

Kevin Minet-Lallemand

Kevin Minet-Lallemand is a materials scientist and Technology Development Manager at EOS Metal Materials in Finland, focusing on developing new metal materials and processes for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing. He has more than a decade of experience in process development, powder analysis, and statistical process control of additive manufactured Ni-base superalloys.

Eduard Hryha

Professor Eduard Hryha is a researcher in powder metallurgy and metal additive manufacturing. His research focuses on powder metallurgy, powder-based metal additive manufacturing, surface analysis using advanced surface-sensitive techniques, as well as thermal analysis. He is also director of CAM2 competence centre focusing on powder-based metal additive manufacturing.