A feasibility study assessing knowledge, vaccine hesitancy, and completion rates of free HPV vaccination in low-income uninsured adults

ABSTRACT

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates remain low in the U.S., particularly among minorities and low-income, uninsured patients. We report preliminary data on a pilot study program providing education and free HPV vaccination at a clinic serving low-income uninsured adults.

Methods: From October 2020 through October 2022, we assessed HPV vaccination knowledge, awareness, and prevalence of hesitancy towards receiving the vaccine among low-income uninsured patients age 18-45. The Parents Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) survey was modified and used to evaluate vaccine hesitancy. An educational video on HPV was shown to patients declining vaccination.

Results: 43 patients were enrolled. 69.8% had heard of the HPV vaccine and 85.7% were non-hesitant based on PACV scores of 0-49. Black participants had a statistically significant higher PACV score (more hesitant) than White participants. Familiarity with the HPV vaccine correlated with lower PACV scores. Only 27% completed all three HPV vaccine doses.

Discussion: The availability of an education program together with free HPV vaccination are not sufficient to achieve adequate vaccination rates in low-income, uninsured adults. Innovative, culturally sensitive education and supportive interventions, in addition to access to free HPV vaccination, are warranted in order to improve vaccination rates in this underserved population.

Clinical trials.gov Identifier: NCT04474821

KEYWORDS:

• human papillomavirus (HPV)
• vaccine
• patient education
• disparities
• low-income

Availability of data and materials

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by NIH Office of the Director: [Grant Number UL1 TR002377]; National Cancer Institute: [Grant Number CA15083]; National Institutes of Health: [Grant Number UL1 TR002377].