Schizophrenia:

Abstract

In Zanzibar, as in many "third world" places, there are two health care systems, one traditional and the other "European." Among the Swahili people of East Africa spirits are believed to be the cause of disturbed behavior or "madness." Data and observations gathered during one year of mental health practice in Zanzibar and over many years of practice in the U.S. are compared to examine how cultural values shape beliefs, practices and attitudes related to "madness." Implications for occupational therapy theory and practice are drawn.