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Original

Generalizing the Alcohol Outlet–Assaultive Violence Link: Evidence from a U.S. Midwestern City

, Ph.D., , Ph.D. & , Ph.D.
Pages 1971-1982 | Published online: 16 Dec 2003
 

Abstract

This study assessed the geographic association between rates of assaultive violence and alcohol-outlet density in Kansas City, Missouri. Data were obtained for sociodemographic factors, alcohol-outlet density, and rates of assaultive violence across 89 inner-city census tracts in Kansas City, Missouri. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that sociodemographic variables predicted 61% (R2 = 0.61) of the variance in assaultive violence, but that an additional 9% (R2 = 0.09) of the variability in assaultive violence was explained by the density of alcohol outlets. Alcohol-outlet density contributed significantly to the explained variance of the regression model and was associated with higher rates of assaultive violence in this midwestern city.

Resumen

Este estudio valoró la asociación geográfica entre tasas de la violencia violenta y la densidad de salida de alcohol en la Ciudad de Kansas, Missouri. Los datos se obtuvieron para factores de sociodemographic, para la densidad de salida de alcohol, y para las tasas de la violencia violenta a través de 89 trechos de la ciudad interior del censo en la Ciudad de Kansas, Missouri. El análisis jerárquico del retroceso indicó esas variables de sociodemographic predijeron 61% de (R2 = 0.61) de la variación en la violencia violenta, pero que un adicional 9% de (R2 = 0.09) de la variabilidad en la violencia violenta fue explicado por la densidad de salidas de alcohol. La densidad de la salida del alcohol contribuida significativamente a la variación explicada del modelo del retroceso y se asoció con tasas más altas de la violencia violenta en esta ciudad del medioeste.

Résumé

Cette étude a évalué l’association géographique entre les taux de violence de assaultive et l’alcool-sortie densité dans la Ville de Kansas, Missouri. Les données ont été obtenues pour les facteurs de sociodemographic, l’alcool-sortie densité, et les taux de violence de assaultive à travers 89 étendues de recensement d’intérieur ville dans la Ville de Kansas, Missouri. L’analyse de régression de Hierarchical a indiqué que ces variables de sociodemographic ont prédit 61% (R2 = 0.61) de la variance dans la violence de assaultive, mais qu’un supplémentaire 9% (R2 = 0.09) de la variabilité dans la violence de assaultive a été expliqué par la densité de sorties d’alcool. L’alcool-sortie densité contribuée significativement à la variance expliquée du modèle de régression et a été associé avec les plus hauts taux de violence de assaultive dans cette ville du midwest.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Robert J. Reid

Robert J. Reid, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor at the School of Social Work, Rutgers University. He received his Ph.D. in social policy, planning, and policy analysis from Columbia University in 1999. His research interests in the areas of substance abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention have emanated from his employment as a social worker in both outpatient and inpatient substance abuse settings. He has published in the areas of applied policy analysis as it pertains to HIV/AIDS prevention initiatives, drug policy reform issues, and strengthening substance abuse prevention programming efforts. He currently serves as a technical advisor to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA) National Registry of Effective Prevention Programs Project (NREPP). His current research interests are in applying cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses to critically examine varying programs and policies in the substance abuse and HIV/AIDS prevention fields.

Joseph Hughey

Joseph Hughey, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Psychology and Associate Dean, The College of Arts and Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Tennessee in 1981. An environmental and community psychologist, Hughey studies the influence of various institutions on community-level behavior. He has published or presented on issues of measurement of sense of community, social capital, measurement of institutional factors in behavior, the ecology of community organizing, and empowerment. Recently, his basic research includes instrument development for assessment of community environments and sense of community in community organizations (the COSOC). As a community health psychologist, he is interested in how institutional and community factors can promote health. He is a member of the Environmental Design Research Association, the Society for Community Research and Action, the Community Development Society, and the Urban Affairs Association.

N. Andrew Peterson

N. Andrew Peterson, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, at the University of Iowa. His research examines the mechanisms through which community organizations promote empowerment and improve community health. He has published on empowerment theory, community organizing, youth development, and substance abuse prevention. His recent work includes development of a nomological network of organizational empowerment. He was appointed by the Commissioner of New Jersey's Department of Community Affairs to the Advisory Committee of the Center for Hispanic Policy, Research and Development and serves on the Advisory Board of the National Resource Center on Child Welfare Training and Evaluation at the University of Louisville. He also served on the Evaluation Advisory Boards of the BE2: School-to-Career Regional Partnership and the Community-Backed Anti-Drug Sales Tax in Kansas City, Missouri. He is a member of the American Evaluation Association, American Public Health Association, the Group Psychology and Group Psychotherapy Association, the National Association of Social Workers, and the Society for Community Research and Action.

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